1. Introduction

In C programming, arrays and linked lists are two different ways of storing collections of data. An array is a fixed-size collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory locations. A linked list, on the other hand, is a collection of nodes, where each node contains data and a pointer to the next node in the sequence.

2. Key Points

1. Arrays have fixed sizes determined at compile time.

2. Linked lists are dynamic in size and can grow or shrink at runtime.

3. Elements in an array are stored in contiguous memory locations.

4. Linked list elements (nodes) can be stored anywhere in the memory, linked together by pointers.

3. Differences

Array	Linked List
Fixed size.	Dynamic size.
Efficient in terms of memory when the size is known.	Requires extra memory for storing pointers.
Fast access to elements by index.	Sequential access required to reach an element.
Insertion and deletion are expensive operations.	Easier insertion and deletion of elements.

4. Example

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Array example
void arrayExample() {
    int arr[3] = {1, 2, 3};
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        printf("%d ", arr[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

// Linked list example
typedef struct Node {
    int data;
    struct Node *next;
} Node;

void linkedListExample() {
    Node *head = malloc(sizeof(Node));
    head->data = 1;
    Node *second = malloc(sizeof(Node));
    second->data = 2;
    head->next = second;
    second->next = NULL;

    Node *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("%d ", current->data);
        current = current->next;
    }
    free(second);
    free(head);
}

int main() {
    arrayExample();
    linkedListExample();
    return 0;
}