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1. Introduction
Merging arrays is a common operation in data manipulation. It allows you to combine two arrays into a single array. This tutorial covers a C program that accomplishes this task. We will walk through each step to ensure you have a deep understanding.
2. Program Overview
Our program will perform the following steps:
1. Get the size of the two arrays and their respective elements from the user.
2. Merge these arrays into a third array.
3. Display the merged array.
3. Code Program
#include <stdio.h> // Standard Input/Output library
int main() { // Starting the main function.
int a[50], b[50], merged[100], n1, n2, i;
// Asking user to input the size and elements of the first array.
printf("Enter the size of the first array: ");
scanf("%d", &n1);
printf("Enter %d elements for the first array:\n", n1);
for(i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i]);
}
// Asking user to input the size and elements of the second array.
printf("Enter the size of the second array: ");
scanf("%d", &n2);
printf("Enter %d elements for the second array:\n", n2);
for(i = 0; i < n2; i++) {
scanf("%d", &b[i]);
}
// Merging the two arrays.
for(i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
merged[i] = a[i]; // First array elements.
}
for(i = 0; i < n2; i++) {
merged[n1+i] = b[i]; // Second array elements.
}
// Displaying the merged array.
printf("Merged array is:\n");
for(i = 0; i < n1 + n2; i++) {
printf("%d ", merged[i]);
}
return 0; // Ending the program.
}
Output:
First array size: 3, Elements: 1, 2, 3 Second array size: 2, Elements: 4, 5 The program will display: Merged array is: 1 2 3 4 5
4. Step By Step Explanation
1. Header Files: We begin by including the stdio.h header, which provides functions for standard input and output.
2. Variable Declaration:
- Arrays a and b store the elements of the first and second arrays, respectively.
- Array merged is for the merged array.
- Variables n1 and n2 will store the sizes of the two arrays.
3. User Input:
- The user is prompted to provide the size and elements for both arrays.
4. Merging Process:
- Elements from the first array a are added to the merged array.
- Elements from the second array b are appended to the merged array, starting from the index immediately after the last element of the first array.
5. Displaying the Merged Array: We loop through the merged array and print its elements.
Combining arrays in this way allows you to concatenate data from different sources or simply manage data more efficiently.
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