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In this guide, you will learn about the String charAt() method in Java programming and how to use it with an example.
1. String charAt() Method Overview
Definition:
The charAt() method in Java's String class returns the character at the specified index of a given string.
Syntax:
str.charAt(int index)
Parameters:
- index: The zero-based index of the character to retrieve from the string.
Key Points:
- The charAt() method belongs to the String class.
- The index is zero-based, meaning the first character is at index 0, the second at index 1, and so forth.
- If you provide an index that's out of bounds (negative or greater than or equal to the string's length), a StringIndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown.
- This method is especially handy for character-by-character string parsing or operations.
2. String charAt() Method Example
public class CharAtExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String phrase = "Java Programming";
// Retrieve the 5th character of the string
char fifthCharacter = phrase.charAt(4);
System.out.println("The 5th character is: " + fifthCharacter);
// Attempt to retrieve a character beyond the string's length
try {
char outOfBoundsCharacter = phrase.charAt(50);
System.out.println("Character: " + outOfBoundsCharacter);
} catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Index out of bounds.");
}
}
}
Output:
The 5th character is: a Error: Index out of bounds.
Explanation:
In our example, we first extract the 5th character (index 4) of the string "Java Programming", which is the letter 'a'.
Next, we purposefully try to extract a character using an out-of-bounds index. This throws a StringIndexOutOfBoundsException, which we catch and print an error message.
Related Java String Class method examples
- Java String charAt() example
- Java String concat() example
- Java String contains() example
- Java String endsWith() example
- Java String equals() example
- Java String equalsIgnoreCase() example
- Java String getBytes() example
- Java String indexOf() example
- Java String isEmpty() example
- Java String lastIndexOf() example
- Java String length() example
- Java String replace() example
- Java String split() example
- Java String startsWith() example
- Java String substring() example
- Java String toLowerCase() example
- Java String toUpperCase() example
- Java String trim() example
- Java String valueOf() example
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