The strptime
function in Python's time
module parses a string representing a time according to a format and returns a struct_time
object. This function is useful for converting formatted time strings into structured time data.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
strptime
Function Syntax- Examples
- Basic Usage
- Parsing Different Time Formats
- Real-World Use Case
- Conclusion
Introduction
The strptime
function in Python's time
module converts a string representing a time to a struct_time
object based on a specified format. This is useful for parsing time and date information from strings.
strptime Function Syntax
Here is how you use the strptime
function:
import time
time.strptime(string, format)
Parameters:
string
: The string representing the time.format
: The format string that specifies how the time is represented in the string. This should correspond to the structure of the time string.
Returns:
- A
struct_time
object representing the parsed time.
Common Format Codes:
%Y
: Year with century (e.g., 2021)%m
: Month as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 08)%d
: Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 17)%H
: Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 15)%M
: Minute as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 43)%S
: Second as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 06)%A
: Full weekday name (e.g., Tuesday)%B
: Full month name (e.g., August)
Examples
Basic Usage
Here is an example of how to use strptime
.
Example
import time
# Parsing a formatted time string
time_string = "2021-08-17 15:43:06"
parsed_time = time.strptime(time_string, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print("Parsed time:", parsed_time)
Output:
Parsed time: time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=15, tm_min=43, tm_sec=6, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=229, tm_isdst=-1)
Parsing Different Time Formats
This example shows how to parse time strings in different formats.
Example
import time
# Parsing a time string with a different format
time_string = "17/08/2021 15:43:06"
parsed_time = time.strptime(time_string, "%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S")
print("Parsed time:", parsed_time)
# Parsing another time string with month name and day of the week
time_string = "Tuesday August 17 15:43:06 2021"
parsed_time = time.strptime(time_string, "%A %B %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
print("Parsed time:", parsed_time)
Output:
Parsed time: time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=15, tm_min=43, tm_sec=6, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=229, tm_isdst=-1)
Parsed time: time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=15, tm_min=43, tm_sec=6, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=229, tm_isdst=-1)
Real-World Use Case
Parsing Log Timestamps
In real-world applications, the strptime
function can be used to parse timestamps from log files and convert them into structured time data for further processing.
Example
import time
def parse_log_timestamp(log_line):
timestamp_str = log_line.split(' - ')[0]
return time.strptime(timestamp_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
# Example usage
log_line = "2021-08-17 15:43:06 - Event: Start process"
parsed_timestamp = parse_log_timestamp(log_line)
print("Parsed timestamp:", parsed_timestamp)
Output:
Parsed timestamp: time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=15, tm_min=43, tm_sec=6, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=229, tm_isdst=-1)
Exception ignored in tp_clear of: <class 'dict'>
TypeError: Missed attribute 'n_fields' of type time.struct_time
Conclusion
The strptime
function in Python's time
module parses a string representing a time according to a format and returns a struct_time
object. This function is useful for converting formatted time strings into structured time data.
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