Login Form using JSP + Servlet + Hibernate + MySQL Example

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In the previous example, we have seen Hibernate Registration Form Example with JSP, Servlet, MySQL. In this article, we will build a simple Login Form using JSP, Servlet, Hibernate Framework, and MySQL database.

Learn Hibernate at https://www.javaguides.net/p/hibernate-tutorial.html

Video

This tutorial explained in below YouTube video:

In this example, we will create a User Login Form and we will validate username and password with the MySQL database using the Hibernate framework.

Below diagram shows our User Login Form build using JSP:

You can download the source code of this article from my GitHub repository. The link has given at end of this article.

Tools and technologies used

• JSP - 2.2 +
• Hibernate - 5+
• IDE - STS/Eclipse Neon.3
• JDK - 1.8 or later
• Apache Tomcat - 8.5
• JSTL - 1.2.1
• Servlet API - 2.5
• MySQL - mysql-connector-java-8.0.13.jar

Development Steps

1. Create an Eclipse Dynamic Web Project
2. Add Dependencies
3. Project Structure
4. MySQL Database Setup
5. Create a JPA Entity - User.java
6. Create a UserDao.java
7. Create a LoginController.java
8. Hibernate Java Based Configuration
9. Create a login.jsp
10. Create a login-success.jsp
11. Demo

1. Create an Eclipse Dynamic Web Project

To create a new dynamic Web project in Eclipse:

1. On the main menu select File > New > Project...

2. In the upcoming wizard choose Web > Dynamic Web Project.

3. Click Next.

4. Enter project name as "login-jsp-servlet-hibernate-mysql-example";
5. Make sure that the target runtime is set to Apache Tomcat with the currently supported version. 

2. Add Dependencies

You can get these jar dependencies from the GitHub repository (the link given at end of this tutorial). Add the latest release of below jar files to the lib folder:

3. Project Structure

Standard project structure for your reference -

4. MySQL Database Setup

Let's create a database named "demo" in MySQL:

CREATE DATABASE 'demo';

Note: Hibernate will create users tables automatically. In previous  Hibernate Registration Form Example with JSP, Servlet, MySQL article, we have registered users so we will use the same users table to authenticate a User in this example.

5. Create a JPA Entity - User.java

Let's create a User persistent class that is mapped to a database table - users.

A simple Persistent class should follow some rules:

• A no-arg constructor: It is recommended that you have a default constructor at least package visibility so that hibernate can create the instance of the Persistent class by newInstance() method.
• Provide an identifier property: It is better to assign an attribute as id. This attribute behaves as a primary key in a database.
• Declare getter and setter methods: The Hibernate recognizes the method by getter and setter method names by default.
• Prefer non-final class: Hibernate uses the concept of proxies, which depends on the persistent class. The application programmer will not be able to use proxies for lazy association fetching.

Here is the User JPA Entity class:

package net.javaguides.hibernate.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1 L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "first_name")
    private String firstName;

    @Column(name = "last_name")
    private String lastName;

    @Column(name = "user_name")
    private String username;

    @Column(name = "password")
    private String password;

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }
    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }
    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }
    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

Let's understand the JPA annotations used in the above User JPA entity:

• @Entity - This annotation specifies that the class is an entity. 
• @Table - This annotation specifies the table in the database with which this entity is mapped.
• @Id -  This annotation specifies the primary key of the entity.
• @GeneratedValue - This annotation specifies the generation strategies for the values of primary keys.
• @Column - The @Column annotation is used to specify the mapping between a basic entity attribute and the database table column. 

6. Create a UserDao.java

package net.javaguides.hibernate.dao;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import net.javaguides.hibernate.model.User;
import net.javaguides.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;

public class UserDao {

    public void saveUser(User user) {
        Transaction transaction = null;
        try (Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession()) {
            // start a transaction
            transaction = session.beginTransaction();
            // save the student object
            session.save(user);
            // commit transaction
            transaction.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (transaction != null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public boolean validate(String userName, String password) {

        Transaction transaction = null;
        User user = null;
        try (Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession()) {
            // start a transaction
            transaction = session.beginTransaction();
            // get an user object
            user = (User) session.createQuery("FROM User U WHERE U.username = :userName").setParameter("userName", userName)
                .uniqueResult();

            if (user != null && user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
                return true;
            }
            // commit transaction
            transaction.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (transaction != null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }

}

7. Hibernate Java Based Configuration

package net.javaguides.hibernate.util;

import java.util.Properties;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;

import net.javaguides.hibernate.model.User;

/**
 * Java based configuration
 * @author ramesh Fadatare
 *
 */
public class HibernateUtil {
    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        if (sessionFactory == null) {
            try {
                Configuration configuration = new Configuration();

                // Hibernate settings equivalent to hibernate.cfg.xml's properties
                Properties settings = new Properties();
                settings.put(Environment.DRIVER, "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
                settings.put(Environment.URL, "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useSSL=false");
                settings.put(Environment.USER, "root");
                settings.put(Environment.PASS, "root");
                settings.put(Environment.DIALECT, "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect");

                settings.put(Environment.SHOW_SQL, "true");

                settings.put(Environment.CURRENT_SESSION_CONTEXT_CLASS, "thread");

                settings.put(Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "update");

                configuration.setProperties(settings);
                configuration.addAnnotatedClass(User.class);

                ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
                    .applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).build();
                System.out.println("Hibernate Java Config serviceRegistry created");
                sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
                return sessionFactory;

            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return sessionFactory;
    }
}

• ServiceRegistry holds the services that Hibernate will need during bootstrapping and at runtime.
• StandardServiceRegistryBuilder - Builder for standard ServiceRegistry instances.
• HibernateUtil - This is the helper class to bootstrap hibernate SessionFactory. In most Hibernate applications, the SessionFactory should be instantiated once during application initialization. The single instance should then be used by all code in a particular process, and any Session should be created using this single SessionFactory. The SessionFactory is thread-safe and can be shared; a Session is a single-threaded object. 

8. Create a LoginController.java

Now, let's create LoginController that acts as a page controller to handle all requests from the client:

package net.javaguides.hibernate.web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.javaguides.hibernate.dao.UserDao;

/**
 * @email Ramesh Fadatare
 */

@WebServlet("/login")
public class LoginController extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1 L;
    private UserDao loginDao;

    public void init() {
        loginDao = new UserDao();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws ServletException, IOException {
        try {
            authenticate(request, response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void authenticate(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws Exception {
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");

        if (loginDao.validate(username, password)) {
            RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("login-success.jsp");
            dispatcher.forward(request, response);
        } else {
            throw new Exception("Login not successful..");
        }
    }
}

9. Login form - login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
 pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"
 href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"
 integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T"
 crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>

 <div class="container col-md-8 col-md-offset-3" style="overflow: auto">
  <h1>Login Form</h1>
  <form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/login" method="post">
   <div class="form-group">
    <label for="uname">User Name:</label> <input type="text"
     class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="User Name"
     name="username" required>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
    <label for="uname">Password:</label> <input type="password"
     class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="Password"
     name="password" required>
   </div>
   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

10. Login success page - login-success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
 pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
 <div align="center">
  <h1>You have logined successfully</h1>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

11. Demo

Deploy this web application in tomcat server in Eclipse IDE.

Type the following URL in your web browser to access this application: http://localhost:8080/login-jsp-servlet-hibernate-mysql-example/login.jsp.

Download source code at https://github.com/RameshMF/Hibernate-ORM-Tutorials/tree/master/login-jsp-servlet-hibernate-mysql-example

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