Java JDBC Statement - Update a Record Example with MySQL Database

In this article, we will discuss how to update a record in a database table via JDBC statement. JDBC Statement interface provides Statement.executeUpdate() method from which we can update a record in a database table as:
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
// Step 3: Execute the query or update query
int result = statement.executeUpdate(UPDATE_USERS_SQL);
System.out.println("Number of records affected :: " + result);

Technologies used

  1. JDK - 1.8 or later
  2. MySQL - 5.7.12
  3. IDE - Eclipse Neon
  4. JDBC API - 4.2

Steps to Process Update SQL statement with JDBC

  1. Establishing a connection
  2. Create a statement
  3. Execute the query
  4. Using try-with-resources Statements to Automatically Close JDBC Resources
From JDBC 4.0, we don't need to include 'Class.forName()' in our code, to load JDBC driver. When the method 'getConnection' is called, the 'DriverManager' will automatically load the suitable driver among the JDBC drivers that were loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same class loader as the current application.
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(Urldatabase,Username,Password);
Any JDBC 4.0 drivers that are found in your classpath are automatically loaded. (However, you must manually load any drivers prior to JDBC 4.0 with the method Class.forName.)

JDBC Statement Update Record Example

Below example update a single record in a database table.
Check out below articles before updating the record:
>> JDBC Statement Create a Table Example
>> JDBC Statement - Insert Multiple Records Example
package com.javaguides.jdbc.statement.examples;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * Update Statement JDBC Example
 * @author Ramesh Fadatare
 *
 */
public class UpdateStatementExample {

    private static final String UPDATE_USERS_SQL = "update users set name = \"Ram\" where id = 1;";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws SQLException {
        UpdateStatementExample updateStatementExample = new UpdateStatementExample();
        updateStatementExample.updateRecord();
    }

    public void updateRecord() throws SQLException {
        System.out.println(UPDATE_USERS_SQL);
        // Step 1: Establishing a Connection
        try (Connection connection = DriverManager
            .getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_database?useSSL=false", "root", "root");

            // Step 2:Create a statement using connection object
            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();) {

            // Step 3: Execute the query or update query
            int result = statement.executeUpdate(UPDATE_USERS_SQL);
            System.out.println("Number of records affected :: " + result);
        } catch (SQLException e) {

            // print SQL exception information
            printSQLException(e);
        }

        // Step 4: try-with-resource statement will auto close the connection.
    }

    public static void printSQLException(SQLException ex) {
        for (Throwable e: ex) {
            if (e instanceof SQLException) {
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
                System.err.println("SQLState: " + ((SQLException) e).getSQLState());
                System.err.println("Error Code: " + ((SQLException) e).getErrorCode());
                System.err.println("Message: " + e.getMessage());
                Throwable t = ex.getCause();
                while (t != null) {
                    System.out.println("Cause: " + t);
                    t = t.getCause();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
Output:
update users set name = "Ram" where id = 1;
Number of records affected :: 1
Note that Statement.executeUpdate() method returns either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing.
int result = statement.executeUpdate(UPDATE_USERS_SQL);
System.out.println("Number of records affected :: " + result);

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