Java JDBC Statement - Delete a Record Example

In this article, we will learn how to delete a record from a database table using JDBC Statement interface.
Statement interface executeUpdate() method executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.

Key points

  1. From JDBC 4.0, we don't need to include 'Class.forName()' in our code, to load JDBC driver. JDBC 4.0 drivers that are found in your classpath are automatically loaded.
  2. We have used try-with-resources statements to automatically close JDBC resources

Technologies used

  • JDK - 1.8 or later
  • MySQL - 5.7.12
  • IDE - Eclipse Neon
  • JDBC - 4.2

Steps to process Select SQL statement with JDBC

  1. Establishing a connection.
  2. Create a statement.
  3. Execute the query.
  4. Using try-with-resources statements to automatically close JDBC resources
From JDBC 4.0, we don't need to include 'Class.forName()' in our code, to load JDBC driver. When the method 'getConnection' is called, the 'DriverManager' will automatically load the suitable driver among the JDBC drivers that were loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same class loader as the current application.
Any JDBC 4.0 drivers that are found in your classpath are automatically loaded. (However, you must manually load any drivers prior to JDBC 4.0 with the method Class.forName.)

JDBC Statement Delete a Record Example

Here we have a users table in a database and we will delete a record with following JDBC program.
Check out below articles:
>> JDBC Statement - Update a Record Example
>> JDBC Statement - Insert Multiple Records Example
>> JDBC Statement Create a Table Example
package com.javaguides.jdbc.statement.examples;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * Delete Statement JDBC Example
 * @author Ramesh Fadatare
 *
 */
public class DeleteStatementExample {

    private static final String DELETE_USERS_SQL = "delete from users where id = 3;";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws SQLException {
        DeleteStatementExample deleteStatementExample = new DeleteStatementExample();
        deleteStatementExample.deleteRecord();
    }

    public void deleteRecord() throws SQLException {
        System.out.println(DELETE_USERS_SQL);

        // Step 1: Establishing a Connection
        try (Connection connection = DriverManager
            .getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql_database?useSSL=false", "root", "root");

            // Step 2:Create a statement using connection object
            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();) {

            // Step 3: Execute the query or update query
            int result = statement.executeUpdate(DELETE_USERS_SQL);
            System.out.println("Number of records affected :: " + result);
        } catch (SQLException e) {

            // print SQL exception information
            printSQLException(e);
        }

        // Step 4: try-with-resource statement will auto close the connection.
    }

    public static void printSQLException(SQLException ex) {
        for (Throwable e: ex) {
            if (e instanceof SQLException) {
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
                System.err.println("SQLState: " + ((SQLException) e).getSQLState());
                System.err.println("Error Code: " + ((SQLException) e).getErrorCode());
                System.err.println("Message: " + e.getMessage());
                Throwable t = ex.getCause();
                while (t != null) {
                    System.out.println("Cause: " + t);
                    t = t.getCause();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
Output:
delete from users where id = 3;
Number of records affected :: 1

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