Java - JDBC PostgreSQL Batch Update Example

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In this tutorial, we will discuss JDBC Batch update examples in the PostgreSQL database. Sometimes we need to run bulk queries of a similar kind for a database, for example, loading data from CSV files to relational database tables. As we know that we have the option to use Statement or PreparedStatement to execute queries. Apart from that JDBC provides a Batch Processing feature through which we can execute the bulk of queries in one go for a database.

In this example, we will use the PreparedStatement interface to batch update.

PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source object-relational database system. It is a multi-user database management system. It runs on multiple platforms including Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS X. PostgreSQL is developed by the PostgreSQL Global Development Group.

Check out all Java PostgreSQL examples at Java PostgreSQL Tutorial.

Technologies used

We use below technologies in this tutorial:

• JDK - 1.8 or later
• PostgreSQL- 42.2.9
• IDE - Eclipse Neon
• JDBC - 4.2

Download PostgreSQL JDBC Driver

To connect to the PostgreSQL database server from a Java program, you need to have a PostgreSQL JDBC driver. You can download the latest version of the driver on the postgresql.org website via the download page.

Add the PostgreSQL JDBC driver jar file to the project classpath.

For maven users:

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.postgresql/postgresql -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
    <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
    <version>42.2.9</version>
</dependency>

For Gradle users:

// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.postgresql/postgresql
compile group: 'org.postgresql', name: 'postgresql', version: '42.2.9'

PostgreSQL Database Setup

In the previous tutorial, we have seen how to perform insert batch operation with a PostgreSQL database using Java. We are using the same "users" table in this tutorial to update rows.

Java - JDBC PostgreSQL Batch Update Example

Here is the complete Java program to perform batch update operation on "users" table in the PostgreSQL database:

package net.javaguides.postgresql.tutorial;

import java.sql.BatchUpdateException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * Update Batch operation using PreparedStatement Interface
 * @author Ramesh Fadatare
 *
 */
public class BatchUpdateExample {

    private final static String url = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/mydb";
    private final static String user = "postgres";
    private final static String password = "root";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        parameterizedBatchUpdate();
    }

    public static void printSQLException(SQLException ex) {
        for (Throwable e: ex) {
            if (e instanceof SQLException) {
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
                System.err.println("SQLState: " + ((SQLException) e).getSQLState());
                System.err.println("Error Code: " + ((SQLException) e).getErrorCode());
                System.err.println("Message: " + e.getMessage());
                Throwable t = ex.getCause();
                while (t != null) {
                    System.out.println("Cause: " + t);
                    t = t.getCause();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static void parameterizedBatchUpdate() {

        String UPDATE_USERS_SQL = "update users set name = ? where id = ?;";

        try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
            // Step 2:Create a statement using connection object
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(UPDATE_USERS_SQL)) {
            connection.setAutoCommit(false);

            preparedStatement.setString(1, "A");
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, 1);
            preparedStatement.addBatch();

            preparedStatement.setString(1, "B");
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, 2);
            preparedStatement.addBatch();

            preparedStatement.setString(1, "C");
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, 3);
            preparedStatement.addBatch();

            preparedStatement.setString(1, "D");
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, 4);
            preparedStatement.addBatch();

            int[] updateCounts = preparedStatement.executeBatch();
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(updateCounts));
            connection.commit();
            connection.setAutoCommit(true);
        } catch (BatchUpdateException batchUpdateException) {
            printBatchUpdateException(batchUpdateException);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            printSQLException(e);
        }
    }

    public static void printBatchUpdateException(BatchUpdateException b) {

        System.err.println("----BatchUpdateException----");
        System.err.println("SQLState:  " + b.getSQLState());
        System.err.println("Message:  " + b.getMessage());
        System.err.println("Vendor:  " + b.getErrorCode());
        System.err.print("Update counts:  ");
        int[] updateCounts = b.getUpdateCounts();

        for (int i = 0; i < updateCounts.length; i++) {
            System.err.print(updateCounts[i] + "   ");
        }
    }
}

Output:

[0, 1, 1, 0]

In this tutorial, we have discussed how to perform JDBC Batch update operation with example in the PostgreSQL database.

Check out all Java PostgreSQL examples at Java PostgreSQL Tutorial.

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